Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing - Case Study Example The climbs are segmented as ‘the express climb’, ‘the discovery climb’ and ‘the bridge climb’ (Bridgeclimb, n.d.). While doing so the company has also added many feathers to its cap. One such feat achieved by the company is to get its name enlisted in the Guinness book of world records for making most flags flown on the Sydney Bridge (Worldrecordsacademy, 2008). Market Market plays the most pivotal role for a company to successfully demeanor it business. Market consists of a cluster of users who exhibits some similar requirements and desires. In other words a market is set of possible buyers of a product and service (Allen, Macy & Hutchison, 2009, p.21). Therefore for a company to perform its operation effectively in the market place it needs to segment its intended market appropriately (Croft, 1994, p.1). In the context of Bridge climb Sydney their main market lies with the adventure tourism group. The market also lies with those persons who li ke elevation and high altitudes from the ground but not adventurous. The company also has its market scattered all over the world, as visitors from different part of the world arrives to experience it. Segmentation Market segmentation can be defined as the way by which the companies segments the market into various subgroups based on the similar characteristics of the consumer (Bose, 2004, p.513). There are many available alternatives for segmenting the market such as geographic segmentation, demographic segmentation and psychographic segmentation among many others. These day’s companies design their goods and services based on the needs of consumers. Therefore marketing segmentation and market targeting is considered as an essential and central element of marketing activities (Kamakura & Wedel, 2000, p.3). The concept of marketing segmentation helps in understanding the needs of consumers more effectively than its competitors. However on the other hand market targeting is ba sed upon the segmentation and its decision to cater to that segment (Clemente, 2002, p.253). Therefore in the context of the company, segmentation can be done on the basis of geography i.e. the location of the consumers. The geographical segmentation can be used for segmenting the tourist from different countries and accordingly offering products and prices for them. The customers which exhibit adventurous and exploration attitudes are one of the major segments of the company. Apart from that bases of segmentation the company can even undergo niche market segmentation strategy for segmenting the market. This will also reduce the number of competitors for the company. Now according to the services offered by the company the segmentation can be regular visitors, adventurous visitors. The company needs to target adventurous travelers who will surely avail the opportunities. For adventurous travelers the company can cater them by offering ‘discovery climb’ and ‘bridge climb’. These ultimate climbs will surely satisfy the needs of those customers. And for targeting the regular visitors the company can make use of ‘express climb’, which is also conducted in a short period. Therefore the market can be segmented into regular and adventurous visitors. Some of the strategies which can be undertaken by the company for targeting adventurous customer group are as follows:- Product Strategy: - A product strategy is a pivotal function of the company. It resides at the heart of a company’

Textual analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Textual analysis - Essay Example In Chapters I-6 in Section IV, the topic of discussion was filled with the idea of how the soldier should distance himself from the enemy so that he will not hesitate to kill. This topic in turn affected how Grossman wrote the book as spoke about killing casually and objectively just like his argument s in the book. For example, he talked about the predisposition of a killer as a matter of fact to the point of being casual. In this instance, he hid under the blanket of studies to make the discussion impersonal and seemingly objective and achieve an emotional distance that enabled his book to carry the argument of Ben Shalit saying; â€Å"To me they were less than animals†. Increasing the distance between the combatants – whether by emphasizing their differences or by increasing the chain of responsibility between the aggressor and his victim allows for an increase in the degree of aggression – Ben Shalit. There are also several concepts in the book that have affected Grossman’s writing style to be distant and detached. These concepts are authority or the proximity and intensity of a demanding leader to the subject that is viewed legitimately makes an individual or soldier operational to kill. Next is through the group absolution whereby the individual feel less guilty to kill when a legitimate group has a support for the kill. The distance of the victim of which Grossman has inadvertently adopted in the writing style of the book which fell under two categories of moral distance and mechanical distance. Moral distance is the vilification of the enemy that justifies vindictive action while mechanical distance reduces the act of killing to a sterile video game, thermal sight, sniper sight or other kind of mechanical buffer that detaches the killer from his victim. In the same manner that he talked about killing as a distant and unemotional thing as best

EU Competition Law and Economics

EU Competition Law and Economics Discuss the use of terms drawn from economics in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice, which relate to the interpretation of Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Examine, in particular the role such terms play in the legal argument. This essay will examine the economic theories, both from a classical point of view and neo-classical to determine the underpinnings of competition law. Through the works of Adam Smith regarding monopolies in the Wealth of Nations[1] and John Stuart Mill through his theories on restraints of trade in On Liberty[2] this will demonstrate some economic objectives in pursuing laws regarding competition law. This will be supplanted with the neo-classical theories that have given more reasons through economic terms for laws regarding competition. This will provide a bedrock for an analysis of Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which have been noted as the two principal Articles dealing with competition law in the European Union (EU).[3] The fundamental reason for having competition law in the EU is to allow for a flourishing free market and to ensure that corporate enterprises do not have undue influence or dominance in the market or even thr ough political influence.[4] This analysis of Articles 101 and 102 of the TFEU through the cases that have come through the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) will be looked at through the prism of the economic theories that have been outlined. By looking at it through that prism, it will allow for a determination in terms of whether the role of the economic terms are brought into the legal arguments. It has been suggested that the lawyers and the economics are co-pilots of the competition law aeroplane[5] and this essay will determine whether that is true by looking at the economic theories and the cases through the EU framework on competition law. Economic Theory and Competition Law Prior to delving into how competition law has adopted economic terms and theories, it is imperative to understand how economics operates vis-Ã  -vis competition law. The classical economic theories, as noted by John Stuart Mill state that it is through competition that the political economy can have a scientific basis through which wages, rent and prices can be regulated. Whilst Mill does not provide a definition on what he meant by competition his theory on what laws surrounding competition could achieve were indicative. Smith took this further in Wealth of Nations when he stated it is the right of every man to enter into competition with any other man insofar as it does not violate the laws of justice and the idea of competition was to ensure that those in business bought dearer and sold for cheaper rather than having a monopoly with the opposite occurring. This theory was noted as a statement of perfect competition. This demonstrates the classical theories that exist but as time as gone on there have been neo-classical theories that give more defined responses. In terms of the neo-classical theories, the USA has seemingly stated that competition law should be interpreted solely through what the theories in economics dictate;[6] however, this is questioned in the EU structures. The competing views in the EU look at the efficiencies as well as other concerns such as the environment and the effect on employment.[7] In terms of taking into account the outcome of having perfect competition, it has been stated that allocative and productive efficiency is achieved which leads to the maximisation of social welfare.[8] In terms of allocative efficiency this is an economic term that means the resources will be allocated to different goods and services but will be divided insofar as it remains privately profitable to do so.[9] The second is that of productive efficiency which means that goods and services in society will be produced at the lowest cost.[10] In this regard, competition is seen as beneficial for the productive efficiency because if monop olies exist then it is likely that they will be high cost producers and they can pass that on to the consumer.[11] A third efficiency has been put forward that explains the need for competition, that being dynamic efficiency which cannot be accurately proved[12] but states that competition allows for products to be developed and created to gain the custom of consumers. This theory, in all but name, had been put forward by Smith when he stated that competition allows for new improvements of art[13] showing that this efficiency has long been spoken of. This has been questioned as monopolies have the money to carry out research[14] and where there are monopolies others will try to intervene to get their custom.[15] On this basis, how the EU and CJEU have dealt with situations where monopolies arise must be examined to determine whether the economic terms have led to the decision that has been made. Article 101 TFEU In terms of Article 101 of the TFEU, this is designed to ensure that restrictive practices are deemed incompatible with the common market. The restrictions that are placed on undertakings, which cover all entities that are involved in business,[16] have been seen to be circumvented for a number of reasons. In the case of Wouters Others v Algemene Raad van de Nederlandse Orde van Advocaten[17]it was held that despite a restriction on the legal profession, it was pursuing a legitimate objective in ensuring proper legal practice and therefore was allowed. It has been noted that this idea of a legitimate objective will stay within the competition law of the EU,[18] however, it is what constitutes a legitimate objective that can have implications for economic terms being used in the CJEU. In terms of a finding a legitimate objective, it has been noted that it is not necessary to look at the economic and non-economic objectives as they often go hand in hand.[19] In cases involving profess ional services such as Wouters and other cases such as Asnef Equifax[20]it was noted that the CJEU took into account the issue of information asymmetry whereby despite the fact that there is a restriction on competition which could increase the cost the consumer, the quality will go up which is especially prevalent in professional services.[21] These decisions tend to go against the productive efficiency in that the cost will go up by allowing increased restriction on trade in professional services, however, the allocative efficiency would be seen to improve as the quality given to the consumer improves. This demonstrates that Article 101 of the TFEU has taken the economic viewpoint into account in ensuring that the Treaty does not act rigidly vis-Ã  -vis competition law. The mechanism of Article 101 has not completely followed the economic arguments and this is seen with cases involving free riders. This was seen in the case of Consten and Grundig v Commission[22]which involved Consten who was to be the exclusive distributor in France of Grundig electrical goods with the effect that free riders, who would wait for Consten to promote the goods before then selling the Grundig electrical goods at a lower price than Consten.[23] The free rider economic system has been allowed in the United States of America in the case of Continental TV v GTE Sylvania[24] on the basis that it was economically sound. However, this was rejected in Consten on the basis that the fundamental objective of the EU plan is to have greater integration within the single market and not just to increase consumer protection and welfare.[25] Indeed, in the more recent case this viewpoint was reaffirmed in the case of GlaxoSmithKline v Commission[26]where the guidance from the EU was co nsidered and it was noted that companies are not allowed to establish private barriers within the single market of the EU.[27] These decisions from the CJEU demonstrate that whilst the economic considerations have to be taken into account, they are secondary to the fundamental aim of the EU project to have ever closer Union[28] and to ensure that there are no private barriers within the single market. To compare this to the co-pilot analogy at the beginning of this essay, these decisions would suggest that the policy makers of the EU are the pilots and the lawyer and economist are mere passengers. It must be noted that Article 101 has a defence mechanism at 101(3) which is primarily based on the economic considerations that have been outlined. This defence is for a defendant to prove but all agreements made are eligible to qualify under Article 101(3) if the requirements are met.[29] The requirements state that technical and economic progress must be improved which links with the dynamic efficiency theory of competition law economics.[30] The other requirements involve not eliminating competition on the market as well as ensuring that consumers receive a fair share of the benefits from the agreement. This ties in with Smiths theory on monopolies and improving the market through competition laws as well as the allocative and productive efficiencies noted in the more neo-classical theories regarding economics and competition law. Indeed, this defence under Article 101(3) has been given a wide interpretation as seen in CECED[31]where the economic efficiencies were central to the judgment in declaring that the environmental benefits had to be looked at in terms of their effect on the consumer.[32] As this defence is couched in terms that are readily identifiable with the economic theories, it demonstrates that the economic terms have a huge role in competition law within the EU. Article 102 TFEU In terms of Article 102 of the TFEU, its whole basis is in economic terms as it is designed to stop dominance and abuse. The use of the term dominance in economics is deemed to be wider than that of a monopoly[33] and is a position of economic strength that prevents effective competition being maintained.[34] This type of dominance goes beyond just a single entity and the CJEU can look at more than one economic enterprise to see whether there is dominance, with what is known as collective dominance.[35] In this regard, the economic term of collective dominance and dominance generally was indicative in the case of Italian Flat Case to show that there was a breach of Article 102.[36] The second economic term alongside dominance in Article 102 is that of abuse, which is where a dominant entity can use its economic strength to obtain more benefits that it would have if it was a smaller entity.[37] The use of economic terms in Article 102 cases can be seen when abuse is discussed. Article 102 makes reference to unfair prices but the CJEU has looked beyond this to see situations where there has been predatory pricing[38] and excessive pricing that look at economic terms in terms of how undertakings with great economic strength may attempt to price their competitors out of the market.[39] This tends to demonstrate that there are some economic terms that are used not only in Article 102 itself but also by the CJEU in its interpretation of the Article. However, this view has not been completely replicated across the spectrum. The use of the economic terms in invoking Article 102 has been seen as haphazard[40] and this can be seen through the cases where there has been some reliance on economic terms such as predatory pricing noted above but there are others where it has been based more on the legal concepts such as where there is commission attached for selling a certain brand.[41] In this regard, when Article 102 is looked at solely it can be seen that it is couched in economic terms such as dominance and others have come in through cases such as predatory pricing but when it is compared to its counterpart, Article 101, the effect of economics on its interpretation has not been as widespread.[42] Accordingly, when it comes to the aeroplane analogy with Article 102 it is very much that the lawyer takes the chief pilots role whereas the economist operates as a co-pilot that attempts to bolster any legal arguments that have been made. Conclusion This essay has examined EU Competition Law to determine whether the role of economics or law is prevailing in its application. The economic theories, both classical and neo-classical, demonstrate that the basis for competition law is allowing a free market to ensure that the consumers are able to receive products at a low price and other individuals are able to compete with the larger firms. In relation to Article 101 it can be seen through the use of legitimate aim and the defence given in Article 101(3) that the economic terms have a great role to play in how the case would be decided by the CJEU. However, as noted with the free rider cases such as Consten it is readily identifiable that the economics will only be taken into account after the fundamental aim of the EU, that being ever closer Union, is dealt with. This shows that the economic terms as well as the legal terms are very much secondary to the fundamental aims of the EU project. When the policy issue is put to one side, it can be seen that the economic terms and the legal terms in deciding a competition law case under Article 101 are co-pilots ensuring that the correct decision is made. In terms of Article 102, the use of economics has not been as prevalent as with Article 101 but this is largely due to the fact that there is a lack of a general theme. Perhaps as the law develops vis-Ã  -vis Article 102, the economic terms will have a greater role to play. Bibliography Legislation Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union Cases Akzo Chemie BV v Commission [1991] ECR I-3395 Asnef Equifax Servicios de Informacion sobre Solvencia y Credito SL v Asociacion de Usuarios de Servicios Bancarios [2006] ECR I-11125 British Airways Plc v Commission [2007] ECR I-2331 CECED [2000] OJ L187/47 Consten and Grundig v Commission [1966] ECR 299 Continental TV v GTE Sylvania (1977) 433 US 36 GlaxoSmithKline v Commission [2009] ECR I-9291 Klaus Hofner Fritz Esler v Macrotron GmbH [1991] ECR I-1979 Matra Hachette v Commission [1994] ECR II-595 PPG Vernante Pennitalia Spa v Commission [1992] ECR II-1403 United Brands Company v Commission [1978] ECR 207 Wouters Others v Algemene Raad van de Nederlandse Orde van Advocaten [2002] ECR I-1577 Books Akman P, The Concept of Abuse in EU Competition Law: Law and Economic Approaches (Bloomsbury 2015) Bork RH, The Antitrust paradox (The Free Press, 1978) Chalmers D, Davies G Monti G, European Union Law (2nd edn, CUP 2010) Jacobs K (ed), Effective Standardization Management in Corporate Settings (IGI Global, 2010) Galbraith, American Capitalism: The Concept of Countervailing Power (Houghton Mifflin, 1952) Huerta de Soto J, The Theory of Dynamic Efficiency (Routledge 2009) Jones A Sufrin B, EU Competition Law: Text, Cases and Materials (6th edn, OUP 2016) Kaczorowska A, European Union Law (Routledge 2008) Kaczorowska-Ireland A, Competition Law in the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (Routledge 2012) Mill JS, On Liberty (Vail-Ballou Press, 2003) Scherer Ross, Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance (3rd edn, Houghton Mifflin, 1990) Schulze R, An Introduction to European Law (2nd edn, CUP 2015) Schumpter, Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy (Taylor Francis, 1976) Smith A, An Enquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Penguin, 1999) Whish R Bailey D, Competition Law (8th edn, OUP 2015) Articles Apostolakis I, E-Commerce and Free Rider Considerations Under Article 101 TFEU (2016) ECLR 114 Ibanez Colomo P, Market Failures, Transaction Costs and Article 101(1) TFEU Case Law (2012) 37(5) ELR 541 Janssen C Kloosterhuis E, The Wouters Case Law, Special for a Different Reason? (2016) ECLR 335 Lianos I, In Memoriam Keck: The Reformation of the EU Law on the Free Movement of Goods (2015) EL Rev 225 Nowag J, Wouters, When the Condemned Live Longer: A Comment on OTOC and CNG (2014) 36 ECLR 39 ODonoghue R, Defining Legitimate Competition: How to Clarify Pricing Abuses under Article 83 EC (2002) 26 Fordham Intl LJ 83 Posner RA, The Social Costs of Monopoly and Regulation (1975) 83 JPE 807 Ratliff J, Major Events and Policy Issues in EC Competition Law, 2001: Part 1 (2002) ICCLR 6 Stigler G, Perfect Competition, Historically Contemplated (1957) 65(1) J Pol Eco 1 Temple Lang J, Some Aspects of Abuse of a Dominant Position in EC Antitrust Law (1979) 3 Fordham Intl LF 1 Tsoulfidis L, Classical vs Neoclassical Conceptions of Competition (2011) MPRA 1 Vickers J, Concepts of Competition (1995) 47 Oxford Economic Papers 1 Miscellaneous Commission, Notice Guidelines on Vertical Restraints (2010) OJ C130/1 de la Mano M, For the Customers Sake: The Competitive Effects of Efficiencies in European Merger Control (Enterprise Paper No 11, 2002) [1] A Smith, An Enquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Penguin, 1999). [2] JS Mill, On Liberty (Vail-Ballou Press, 2003). [3] D Chalmers, G Davies G Monti, European Union Law (2nd edn, CUP 2010) p. 962. [4] RA Posner, The Social Costs of Monopoly and Regulation (1975) 83 JPE 807. [5] R Whish D Bailey, Competition Law (8th edn, OUP 2015) p. 2. [6] RH Bork, The Antitrust paradox (The Free Press, 1978). [7] I Lianos, In Memoriam Keck: The Reformation of the EU Law on the Free Movement of Goods (2015) EL Rev 225, 244. [8] Scherer Ross, Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance (3rd edn, Houghton Mifflin, 1990) Ch. 1. [9] R Whish D Bailey, Competition Law (8th edn, OUP 2015) p. 5. [10] M de la Mano, For the Customers Sake: The Competitive Effects of Efficiencies in European Merger Control (Enterprise Paper No 11, 2002) p. 8. [11] J Vickers, Concepts of Competition (1995) 47 Oxford Economic Papers 1. [12] J Huerta de Soto, The Theory of Dynamic Efficiency (Routledge 2009) p. 1-2. [13] Smith (n 1) p. 706. [14] Galbraith, American Capitalism: The Concept of Countervailing Power (Houghton Mifflin, 1952). [15] Schumpter, Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy (Taylor Francis, 1976). [16] A Jones B Sufrin, EU Competition Law: Text, Cases and Materials (6th edn, OUP 2016) p. 116. [17] [2002] ECR I-1577. [18] J Nowag, Wouters, When the Condemned Live Longer: A Comment on OTOC and CNG (2014) 36 ECLR 39. [19] P Ibanez Colomo, Market Failures, Transaction Costs and Article 101(1) TFEU Case Law (2012) 37(5) ELR 541, 560. [20] Asnef Equifax Servicios de Informacion sobre Solvencia y Credito SL v Asociacion de Usuarios de Servicios Bancarios [2006] ECR I-11125. [21] C Janssen E Kloosterhuis, The Wouters Case Law, Special for a Different Reason? (2016) ECLR 335, 337. [22] [1966] ECR 299. [23] Chalmers (n 3) p. 979. [24] (1977) 433 US 36. [25] I Apostolakis, E-Commerce and Free Rider Considerations Under Article 101 TFEU (2016) ECLR 114, 116. [26] [2009] ECR I-9291. [27] Commission, Notice Guidelines on Vertical Restraints (2010) OJ C130/1. [28] A Kaczorowska, European Union Law (Routledge 2008) p. 86. [29] Matra Hachette v Commission [1994] ECR II-595. [30] R Schulze, An Introduction to European Law (2nd edn, CUP 2015) p. 318. [31] [2000] OJ L187/47. [32] J Ratliff, Major Events and Policy Issues in EC Competition Law, 2001: Part 1 (2002) ICCLR 6. [33] Klaus Hofner Fritz Esler v Macrotron GmbH [1991] ECR I-1979. [34] United Brands Company v Commission [1978] ECR 207, para. 65. [35] A Kaczorowska-Ireland, Competition Law in the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (Routledge 2012) p. 170. [36] PPG Vernante Pennitalia Spa v Commission [1992] ECR II-1403. [37] J Temple Lang, Some Aspects of Abuse of a Dominant Position in EC Antitrust Law (1979) 3 Fordham Intl LF 1, 9. [38] Akzo Chemie BV v Commission [1991] ECR I-3395. [39] P Akman, The Concept of Abuse in EU Competition Law: Law and Economic Approaches (Bloomsbury 2015) p. 188. [40] R ODonoghue, Defining Legitimate Competition: How to Clarify Pricing Abuses under Article 83 EC (2002) 26 Fordham Intl LJ 83. [41] British Airways Plc v Commission [2007] ECR I-2331. [42] Chalmers (n 3) p.1007.

Holden Caulfield and Huckleberry Finn Essay

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Catcher in the Rye wonderfully express the thoughts, and feelings that typically run through the average teenagers mind. In each of these stories, the main character is left searching for his true identity. Huck Finn’s journey leads him to question the beliefs others have imposed upon him since his youth. While Holden Caulfield is a very confused and depressed person who desperately seeks acceptance, and companionship. Both characters are experiencing life as independent people, each having their own unique qualities, but in general they are both learning that in order to survive and make the right decisions, they need to mature. Holden Caulfield and Huck Finn share many of the same characteristics. For one thing, they both tend to lie a lot. Holden lied to nearly everyone he met, one example of his deception was when he met the mother of Ernest Morrow on the train to New York. He told her how popular, kind, and modest her son was despite how Holden hated him. Huck also lies a lot, but usually he only deceives people to protect himself and Jim. This occurs when he dressed up as a girl to find out what the rumors of Jim’s whereabouts were. They have many other similar qualities such as not conforming to society. Whether it was by choice or not, Huck and Holden paved their own paths, they tried to figure out what was right and wrong for themselves instead of following what everyone else said. The characters Huck Finn and Holden Caulfield share a special bond. Both boys are the most unlikely of heroes, they lie, deceive, act irresponsibly, yet they get the point across. Also, there is a connection between the companions of each character. Holden’s closest friend is his younger sister Phoebe, while Huck’s adventure is centered around the slave Jim. Slaves of that period were treated at worst as animals, and at best simple children. Jim and Phoebe were on the same level for they were there for support, and could differentiate right from wrong, but they didn’t know enough to fully understand what Huck and Holden were mentally going through. Huck Finn is living the life of an average teenager until he finds himself helping the slave, Jim escape from his master. These actions go against  everything Huck has been taught so far, and is also against the law. Huck is in a tricky predicament where he has to decide whether or not to go through with helping Jim escape or to turn him in. This forces a reflection of his morals and an evaluation of Huck’s conscience. In the end, Huck decides to follow his heart by not turning Jim in. This shows great loyalty, and maturity on Huck’s part to go against the law by doing what he knew was right. Holden Caulfield was deeply, emotionally scarred from the death of his brother Allie, which obviously affects his decision making skills. He falls into a deep depression where he doesn’t seem to care that he failed out of four different schools. Holden lies incessantly yet he says that he hates phonies. He sees all the faults in other people without realizing his own imperfections. By the time he comes to the realization that he isn’t as perfect as he would have thought, it is too late and he is institutionalized. Although he was sent to an institution, just before he understood that he could not prevent children from growing up, and that he himself needed to mature. Holden’s journey didn’t end as idealy as he may have hoped, but at least he finally recognized the need to get over Allie’s death and move on with his life. Huck was able to figure out for himself as Holden did the need for maturity in society. Huck exhibited an excellent example of selflessness in this story, therefore he successfully overcame one of life’s toughest obstacles. Each character had a personal battle they needed to surmount, and both Holden and Huck triumphed. The two characters also have many differences in their actions and lifestyles. Holden is more restricted in his reactions to certain situations. He is not very sure of himself, nor is he brave. Huck on the other hand, is not afraid to take initiative, like when he ran away from home with Jim. Holden was too afraid to leave, he only thought about going away to New Hampshire, or out West.

Disappearances Occur All The Time - 1587 Words

Disappearances occur all the time. Teenagers and young adults run away from home. Children, stray away from their parents and are never seen again. Most are found eventually. Disappearances, after all, have explanations, usually. However, some may never be found as they are trafficked to a different country. Many women and children are trafficked every year. This industry is vast as it generates a 32-billion-dollars (USD) net worth every year (Ferrell 2015). As well it is estimated that over 20 million people are living under the conditions of modern slaves (Ferrell 2015). Although it is illegal in all the 167 countries, modern day slavery is present in all of them. Most, if not all have no strict regulations against human trafficking.†¦show more content†¦Amongst them, Japan; where they had set up a terrifying and egregious system where women, across Asia, were forced into sexual slavery. The women were housed in what were known as comfort stations (Koettl, 2009). These co nditions are similar to what the women who are trafficked today face, this drove many of its victims to the point of despair (Koettl 2009). They have known a life worse than death itself. Living in an impoverished community, where most either die young or die trying to make a better life for themselves. The warzone-like environment creates a tolerance for violence. In favour of surviving this hostile environment, the persons must survive their morality; meaning they’ll have to make both inhumane and humane decisions. Quite often these decisions are based on a potential threat to themselves. However, the extent people are willing to commit acts to increase their chances of survival will reflect their morals. Many of the victims are lured into the human trafficking rings are done so through family members; usually a male relative (father or uncle) or an older sibling. A few of these include kidnapping, the sale of children by parents, false marriages, false economic opportunities or sham job or educational advertisements (Financial Crisis and Human Trafficking). However, most of the victims vulnerable to trafficking are those who are migrating from one country to another. The biggest cause forShow MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Enzyme Concentration On The Rate Of Starch Hydrolysis1713 Words   |  7 Pagesreaction to occur. There are three different types of amylase: ÃŽ ±-amylase, ÃŽ ²-amylase, and ÃŽ ³-amylase. ÃŽ ±-Amylase is commonly found in saliva and pancreas of many animals. In this experiment, we used porcine pancreatic ÃŽ ±-amylase in order to find the effect of different factors on the rate of the digestion of starch. The activity of ÃŽ ±-Amylase can be affected by the concentration of amylase, the pH of the environment surrounding amylase, and the temperature that the reaction using amylase occurs in. 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This article discusses about missing Malaysia Airline flight MH370 and the difficulties to manage search, rescue, accidental investigation, recovery efforts and lessons learnt. â€Æ' Introduction: Malaysia Airlines started in 1937, when it was registeredRead MoreThe Bermuda Triangle Essay1230 Words   |  5 Pagespart of the ocean in which planes, ships, and people mysteriously seem to just disappear. It is an imaginary area shaped as a triangle. Which is located in the outer tip of Florida. Its been the biggest mystery of time because of the mysterious disappearances that have happened over time. â€Å"The term Bermuda Triangle was first used in an article written by Vincent H. Gaddis for Argosy magazine in 1964. In the article, Gaddis claimed that in this strange sea a number of ships and planes had disappearedRead MoreThe Bermuda Triangle Essay902 Words   |  4 Pagesknow that the Bermuda Triangle is a legendary place where numerous disappearances have occurred, but how much do you really know about it? Some people don’t believe in such a place, but some do. Research has been conducted to try and figure out what could possibly be happening here, but with no hard evidence. The mysterious Bermuda Triangle may be more than just a myth though; the Bermuda triangle has a long history with disappearances, few people live through it to tell the tale, and possible theoriesRead MoreThe Bermuda Triangle : A Mystery That Intrigues1473 Words   |  6 Pagestrace. It’s a mystery that intrigues and amazes all. But this horrifying tragedy happens all over the world. Even with today’s compasses and technology, how could you still get lost? In some places, they seem to vanish more than any other part of the world. Of these, the most known location is the Bermuda Triangle. Legend An unexplainable section of the world, the Bermuda Triangle, bounded by Miami, Bermuda, and Puerto Rico has baffled people from all over the world. Obtaining its name from Vincent

Experiment 10 11 Essay - 1203 Words

Experiment #10 #11 The Synthesis of Cobalt Oxalate Hydrate The Synthesis of a Nitrite Complex February 5, 2012 Chemistry 1211L - 146 - Spring 2012 Procedure The Synthesis of Cobalt Oxalate Hydrate Place 100 ml of distilled water in a 250-ml (or 400-ml) beaker. Add 1.26g of oxalic acid dihydrate (H2C2O4.2H2O) and 1 ml of concentrated ammonia. Stir the mixture until the solid has dissolved completely. Dissolve 2.34 g of cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2.6H2O) in 100 ml of water in an Erlenmeyer flask. While stirring the oxalic acid solution constantly, add the cobalt chloride solution drop by drop. Let the mixture cool in an ice bath. A precipitate will form slowly. After the precipitate has had a†¦show more content†¦Theoretical yield: 0.900 g Actual yield: 0.500 g % yield: 55.6% For Synthesis of a Nitrite Complex Equation: SrCl2.6H2O + NiCl2.6H2O + 6 KNO2 - K2SrNi(NO2)6 + 4 KCl + 12 H2O The limiting reagent were SrCl2.6H2O and NiCl2.6H2O. 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Essay on Why Is Bullying a Social Issue - 662 Words

Why is playground bullying a social issue? There are many social issues that need to be addressed, but playground bullying in one way or another has affected everybody. Bullying is classified as â€Å"aggressive behaviour where a dominant individual or group abuses their greater power by threatening a less dominant individual† (Maher, 2008). Bullying usually has a large impact on how a person perceives and presents themselves in society. The majority of bullying happens on the playground when there is minimal supervision and surveillance which not only means that there is more bullying but the bullying is much worse, it is more likely to be physical, vicious and continuous. The main issues associated with bullying are self-harm, poor mental†¦show more content†¦Instead the victims turn their hostile attention towards another child who is more vulnerable than themselves. The victim then finds themselves in further trouble in school, not only with bullies but also teach ers. Not surprisingly this leads to a student avoiding school all together. A child’s aversion to going to school and meeting the bullies is sometimes so strong that the parents are virtually forced to try another school to get a ‘new start’. Playground bullying also causes isolation among students. Many children say they would not be friends with a ‘wimp’ (Rigby, 1996); therefore children who are frequently bullied tend to have few friends. It is sometimes difficult to separate cause from effect. Children may be bullied because they have no friends, for it makes them easy targets. It may also seem to some that their isolation is evidence of their suitability for bullying. But once the bullying has occurred, the isolation deepens, and the victim may feel so depressed as to make little or no effort to make friends. There are also several reactions to be noticed among bystanders who live in a community in which individuals are being continually abused or harassed by their peers. 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Many teachers, administrators, and school counselors underestimate the amount of bullying that takes place within schools. The behavior of bullying has impacted so many students’ lives to the point of causing a student to want to cause harm to his or her self or others. Many students that bully threaten theirRead MoreCyber Bullying And Its Effect On Society1139 Words   |  5 PagesBullying is an escalated issue that has become an epidemic, it happens in schools, on line, in between genders and can literally occur anywhere. Bullying is the act of aggressive behavior in which intimidation and/or physical harming towards another person is involved. It causes an imbalance in which the stronger person or group attacks the weaker and initiates repeated mistreatment towards the same victim over an extended period of time. In a situation where ins ults escalate and bullying arisesRead MoreBullying Is A Worldwide Problem894 Words   |  4 PagesBullying is a worldwide problem that has been going on for years whether in schools or online. Based off a power point by Laura Rizzardini, bullying is when someone â€Å"purposely causes harm†¦includes social exclusion, and the bully has more power than the victim.† There could many different logics to why bullies bully. Some reasons may include: it is a way to get attention, fit in with a certain group of people, or even that is the way they are treated at home so they do not know that it is not acceptableRead MoreBullying Effects900 Words   |  4 PagesCauses and Effects of Bullying Every year, approximately 7 percent of students report to being bullied (â€Å"Physical†). Most people know bullying is wrong, but it continues to play a dominating role in the lives of adolescents. Whether the bullying was done by spreading rumors, calling someone names or through the Internet, there are many different causes of bullying, why it occurs, and how it effects the victim. The causes of bullying can influence how the bully decides to target a victim. VictimsRead MoreThe Effects Of Bullying On Children s Learning And Development Essay1002 Words   |  5 Pages2. Findings Bullying in Australian primary schools is a current issue affecting children’s learning and development (Ladd et al., 2012) The impact of bullying and how it effects children’s learning and development is based on the findings discussed below; bullying, types of bullying, factors contributing to bullying and the potential effects of bullying in relation to children’s learning and development in the primary school setting. 2.1 Bullying As stated by Bullying. No Way! (2016) and Rigby (2011)Read MoreThe Common Types Of Bullying864 Words   |  4 Pageshave several issue in our society today. Bullying is a big problem, mainly in kids and teens. Bullies need to learn to â€Å"love one another’, and for the bully not put all their anger on another because of certain situation are not going right. This issue is stressing our society and possibly reshaping our future. There are four common types of bullying. All these types can be spotted in many different places and ways. According to ERASEBULLYING.com, the types of bullying are physical,